What is Male Fertility Preservation or Sperm Freezing?
Sperm Freezing is also referred to as Sperm Banking or Cryopreservation. It involves collecting, analyzing, freezing and storing of sperm for later use. Frozen sperm are stored in a sperm bank, hence the term sperm banking. The process of freezing sperm was first introduced in the 1950’s and there have been several additional advancements made to the process in the years that followed.
Advantages of Sperm Freezing or Male Fertility Preservation
There could be several factors like lifestyle, hereditary issues and health conditions that could lead to a deterioration of the quality of the sperm. Having your sperm frozen provides men with a safeguard to having children if they would like to do so in the future. Even as you grow older the quality of sperm tends to deteriorate. Sperm freezing at a younger age provides you with an opportunity to use the frozen sperm to procreate at a later date when you are ready to have a child.
Who is Sperm Freezing Suitable For?
- Young men that are not in a position to have a child but wish to do so at a future date should opt for sperm freezing process
- If you suffer from low quality or low quantity sperm you should consider freezing your sperm in order to be able to use them for IVF procedures at a later date
- Cancer treatments can cause harm to male fertility. Before undergoing treatment for cancer it is always a good idea to deposit some sperm in the sperm bank in case you would like to father children at some later stage of life
- If you plan to have a vasectomy but would like to have the option to have children in the future it would make sense to have some frozen sperm handy when needed
- If your professions involves you being exposed to radiation, heat or other chemical effluents that could negatively impact your sperm count or quality it would make sense to undergo the sperm freezing process to ensure that you have a backup
- If you suffer from ejaculatory dysfunction which could cause a challenge in conceiving sperm freezing could be the right solution for your problems
- Sperm freezing is also suitable for those looking to help childless couples by donating sperm to sperm banks
Male Fertility Preservation or Sperm Freezing Process
1
Screening process
Even before the sperm can be collected, the man has to go through a blood test to screen for infections such as HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. Once the donor’s blood work is clear he can move onto the next step in the sperm freezing process.
2
Sperm collection
A man can provide his sample at the sperm bank/clinic or at home. Sperm is collected through the process of masturbation. The donor is provided with a sterile container for a collection of the sperm. It is important that the donor does not have an ejaculation for 2 – 5 days before the procedure. If the last ejaculation took place less than 2 days ago it could lead to the sample count being too small. A typical ejaculate contains between 40 million to 600 million sperm. If the last ejaculate was too long ago it could lead to the sperm being too immotile.
3
Sperm Analysis
Once the sample is provided the lab technicians analyse the samples for volume, viscosity and pH levels. The sperm are also microscopically evaluated to determine motility, sperm count, morphology and other important factors.
4
Sperm freezing
To prevent damage to the sperm from freezing a non-reactive cryoprotectant is added to the sperm sample. After being significantly cooled the sperm is added to liquid nitrogen at minus 196 degrees Celsius.
5
Thawing the sperm for use
When the sperm is required to be used the thawing process is undergone. This step in the procedure is equally as vital as the freezing process and the same precautions need to be taken before the frozen sperm can be used. During thawing, it is important that the sperm cells regain their normal biological activities without being subjected to abrupt temperature variations. The protocol suggests using temperatures of 37 degrees Celsius for thawing. Once thawed the sperm is separated from the cryoprotectant by washing it in a culture medium and centrifuging it.
Sperm Freezing success rates
Preserving the male fertility using the method of sperm freezing is extremely successful. Since 1950 the success rates of cryopreservation have gone up drastically. The rate of success for conception using frozen sperm is entirely dependent on the quality of the sperm that was first deposited. During an IVF or IUI procedure, good quality frozen sperm will give a better outcome compared to the sperm of poor quality.
Why IVF Spring?
IVF Spring Fertility is the foremost fertility preservation clinic in Mumbai, India. With more than 10 years of experience in dealing with female and male fertility issues. We also use the latest equipment and procedural guidelines to ensure a higher success rate for our patients.